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Polarization ray tracing and polarization aberration compensation in reflective, astronomical telescopes

机译:反射天文望远镜中的偏振射线跟踪和偏振像差补偿

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Assessing and optimizing polarization performance in the context of ray-based optical design can be challenging. We describe an approach to this problem that decouples polarization effects from optical system geometry for reflective systems. Each surface's polarization properties are parameterized in terms of their impact on retardance and diattenuation in the small angle-of-incidence limit, separating polarization assessment from the task of coating design. A low-resolution ray trace of the system is adequate to determine ray geometry at each interface, which can then be interpolated to rapidly evaluate net Jones Matrix pupil functions. Coating behavior can be easily varied using the ellipsometric parameters to investigate impacts and compensation. Desired values of these parameters can then be specified as constraints in coating design. Investigation with candidate telescope optical designs for LUVOIR show baseline root-mean-square wavefront errors in the nm range for the on-diagonal Jones matrix component, and throughputs of tens of parts per million. Promising possibilities for compensation using a purpose-designed coating on the secondary mirror are discussed, which reduce the on-diagonal wavefront error by a factor ~ 20, with accompanying but more modest reductions in coupling into off-diagonal terms.
机译:在基于射线的光学设计中评估和优化偏振性能可能是具有挑战性的。我们描述了一种解决该问题的方法,该方法将偏振效应与反射系统的光学系统几何形状分离。根据每个表面的偏振特性在小入射角范围内对延迟和双衰减的影响,对参数进行参数化,从而将偏振评估与涂层设计任务区分开来。系统的低分辨率射线迹线足以确定每个接口处的射线几何形状,然后可以对其进行插值以快速评估净琼斯矩阵光瞳函数。使用椭偏参数可以很容易地改变涂层的行为,以研究其影响和补偿。然后可以将这些参数的期望值指定为涂层设计中的约束条件。用LUVOIR的候选望远镜光学设计进行的研究表明,对角琼斯矩阵分量的基线均方根波阵面误差在nm范围内,吞吐能力为百万分之十。讨论了在次级反射镜上使用专门设计的涂层进行补偿的可能方案,该方案将对角线上的波前误差减小了约20倍,同时伴随着对斜对角项的耦合伴随但较适度的减小。

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