THE EVOLUTION AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF SCALE INHIBITOR MODELLING AND DOSAGE OPTIMIZATION IN INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT

摘要

Scale inhibitor models have evolved from a basic correlation to a simple index driving force into kinetic and thermodynamic models that address a broad range of conditions. The expanded models include functions which: 1. Calculate a driving force based upon free ion concentrations to allow improved accuracy in high TDS water. 2. Calculate activity coefficients that address both distant and near effects expanding their applicability into the high TDS range of water reuse, oil field production brines, and process waters. 3. Base the dosage on extending induction time for crystal formation or growth until the water has passed through the system. 4. Model the active rather than total inhibitor present.