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On a Quantum Algorithm for the Resolution of Systems of Linear Equations

机译:求解线性方程组的量子算法

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The numerical resolution of systems of linear equations is an important problem which recurs continously in applied sciences. In particular, it represents an indispensable tool in applied mathematics which can be utilized as a foundation to more complicated problems (e.g. optimization problems, partial differential equations, eigenproblems, etc.). In this work, we introduce a solver for systems of linear equations based on quantum mechanics. More specifically, given a system of linear equations we introduce an equivalent optimization problem which objective function defines an electrostatic potential. Then, we evolve a many-body quantum system immersed in this potential and show that the corresponding Wigner quasi-distribution function converges to the global energy minimum. The simulations are performed by using the time-dependent, ab-initio, many-body Wigner Monte Carlo method. Finally, by numerically emulating the (random) process of measurement, we demonstrate that one can extract the solution of the original mathematical problem. As a proof of concept we solve 3 simple, but different, linear systems with increasing complexity. The outcomes clearly show that our suggested approach is a valid quantum algorithm for the resolution of systems of linear equations.
机译:线性方程组的数值分辨率是一个重要的问题,在应用科学中不断重复出现。特别地,它代表了应用数学中必不可少的工具,可以用作更复杂问题(例如优化问题,偏微分方程,本征问题等)的基础。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一种基于量子力学的线性方程组求解器。更具体地说,给定一个线性方程组,我们引入了一个等效的优化问题,其目标函数定义了一个静电势。然后,我们演化出一个浸没在这种势能下的多体量子系统,并证明相应的维格纳准分布函数收敛于全局能量最小值。通过使用时间相关的,从头开始的多体Wigner蒙特卡洛方法进行仿真。最后,通过数值模拟测量的(随机)过程,我们证明了可以提取原始数学问题的解。作为概念验证,我们解决了3个简单但不同的线性系统,它们的复杂性不断提高。结果清楚地表明,我们提出的方法是用于求解线性方程组的有效量子算法。

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