Rapid prototyping bacterial spore hygro-actuators for soft robotics and adaptive materials

摘要

Over the past decade, rapid prototyping has migrated from research and industrial labs into the homes of consumers. However, these solid models are limited in demonstrating dynamic actuation. A large range of soft materials are readily available for sensing and structural applications, but soft actuators are still slow to manufacture and inefficient. One method of introducing strong, controllable actuation to devices with gentle stimulation is through hygroscopic actuators. Here, we present a platform that demonstrates the potential of printable soft actuators. We develop a spore suspension that resists sedimentation, improves ink jet performance, and optimizes surface wetting. We demonstrate control of the direction, speed, and magnitude of actuation. Extended work by the researchers demonstrate potential for both contractile and expansive actuation. Finally, stimuli-responsive folding architectures are presented as a possible tool for hierarchical design of humidity-responsive soft robots.