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Applying lean in the non-Make-To-Stock sector: Criticalities, solutions and applications

机译:在非按库存生产领域应用精益:重要性,解决方案和应用

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Wastes identification and removing has become a key issue to achieve competitiveness and to survive in the modern manufacturing environment. In order to achieve this goal, several manufacturing paradigms have been proposed. Amongst these paradigms, lean production has increased its importance, and it is now recognized as the most influential one. The concept of lean is based on the dichotomy of value and wastes, and its main goal is to meet customer's expectations in a better way, by focusing on a continuous waste elimination process. Although Lean originated in Low-Variety-High-Volume manufacturing companies, it has been frequently applied also in other contexts, especially in the non-Make-To-Stock sector, where its application is particularly challenging. Indeed, those manufacturing environments are characterized by a high level of variability, and their performances depend on several interrelated parameters. Within this context, it is widely recognised that no ???fool proof??? way is available for implementing lean principles, because they must be properly reinterpreted to fit the specific requirements of the industry where they need to be applied. Generally speaking, the non-MTS sector can be broadly parted in two clusters: (i) Make-To-Order companies, where most or all operations to manufacture an end item are only performed after a customer order has been received and (ii) Engineer-To-Order companies, where products are manufactured to meet a specific customer's needs and require unique engineering, or at least a significant and specific customisation. Within both these clusters, several lean tools can be applied.
机译:废物的识别和清除已成为在现代制造环境中提高竞争力和生存的关键问题。为了实现该目标,已经提出了几种制造范例。在这些范例中,精益生产已变得越来越重要,现在被认为是最有影响力的一种。精益的概念基于价值和废物的二分法,其主要目标是通过关注持续的废物消除过程,以更好的方式满足客户的期望。尽管精益技术起源于低产量,高产量的制造公司,但它也经常在其他情况下应用,尤其是在非按库存生产领域,其应用特别具有挑战性。确实,那些制造环境的特征在于高度的可变性,并且它们的性能取决于几个相互关联的参数。在这种情况下,人们普遍认为没有“简单的证明”。实施精益原则的方法是可行的,因为必须正确地重新解释它们以适合需要应用它们的行业的特定要求。一般而言,非MTS部门可以大致分为两个集群:(i)按订单生产公司,其中大部分或所有制造最终产品的操作仅在收到客户订单后执行;以及(ii)按订单设计的公司,其产品的制造满足特定客户的需求,并需要独特的工程技术,或者至少是重要且特定的定制。在这两个集群中,可以应用几种精益工具。

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