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Transparency analysis of client-server-based multi-rate haptic interaction with deformable objects

机译:基于客户端-服务器的可变形对象多速率触觉交互的透明度分析

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In this paper we describe a client-server architecture for haptic interaction with simulated deformable objects. The computationally expensive object deformation is computed on the server at a low temporal update rate and transmitted to the clients. There, an intermediate representation of the deformable object is used to locally render haptic force feedback displayed to the user at the required rate of 1 kHz. Based on a one-dimensional deformable object, we analyze the transparency of this multi-rate architecture for a single client interaction. The delay introduced by the deformation simulation and the client-server communication leads to increased rendered forces at the clients compared to a reference scenario without delay. We propose a method that adaptively adjusts the stiffness used in the local force rendering at the client to compensate for this. The evaluation shows that the proposed method successfully compensates the effect of delay in the tested delay range of up to 100 ms.
机译:在本文中,我们描述了用于与模拟可变形对象进行触觉交互的客户端-服务器体系结构。计算上昂贵的对象变形是在服务器上以较低的时间更新速率进行计算的,并传输到客户端。在那里,可变形对象的中间表示用于以所需的1 kHz速率局部呈现给用户的触觉力反馈。基于一维可变形对象,我们针对单个客户端交互分析了这种多速率体系结构的透明性。与无延迟的参考方案相比,变形模拟和客户端-服务器通信引入的延迟导致客户端处的渲染力增加。我们提出了一种方法,可以自适应地调整在客户端进行局部力渲染时使用的刚度,以对此进行补偿。评估表明,该方法成功地补偿了高达100 ms的测试延迟范围内的延迟影响。

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