The concept of equipment thermal power plant boilers installations microwave ignition pulverized coal mixture

摘要

Gist of plasma ignition of the coal-air mixture is pre-gasification of coal, which allows its ignition at boilers of Heat power station without additional high-energy fuels, namely, natural gas or fuel oil. Plasma energy technology is microwave plasma heating an air-fuel mixture (fuel mixture) to a temperature of release of volatile components of coal gasification and partial carbon residue. Therefore, regardless of the quality of coal, the coal-air mixture is obtained highly reactive two-component fuel (fuel gas and coke). Long-term studies conducted by experts Ukrplasma and Anadolu Plazma showed that the optimal preparation of pulverized coal technology is the use of plasma thermal processing of coal dust. The most promising is the use of a microwave plasma chemical system of microwave plasmatrons, as they do not require the use of special electrodes and allow a uniform and easily controlled plasma torch almost anywhere in the chamber for solid fuel gasification. Microwave energy required to initiate the plasma burning, just may be introduced into the gasifier fuel volume or in transporting channel of coal dust of existing gasifiers without making them significant structural changes. Use of a microwave plasma initiated in the pulverized coal fuel mixture flow with high energy concentration and the presence therein of reactive centers (atoms, radicals, ions, and an electron gas) promotes energetically more efficient than traditional methods of fire or when using arc plasma heat and thermochemical conversion of the coal particles. Thus the coal particles in a microwave plasma, the temperature of which can reach about 5000 K, undergo thermal shock, in which the coal particles are crushed into small fragments tens and mineral components thus peeled, thereby increasing the reactivity of the fuel. Thermal explosion of coal dust particles many times faster volatile content through more advanced surface response and the appearance of very fine particles that are heated t- a temperature of release of volatile substances is much faster than larger particles. Further, at the stage of gas-phase reactions, intensifies the effect of the thermoelectric component of microwave plasma, which is manifested in the acceleration of chemical transformations due to the transition to the reactions (electrons and ions) with a lower activation energy. The effectiveness of the microwave plasma ignition of coal of various grades.