Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation is an indispensable technique for various analyses of physical phenomena, but it generally requires numerous computation. In this paper, we propose an FPGA-based accelerator for 3D numerical simulations and focus on acceleration of the 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This accelerator consists of a 2D single instruction multiple data (SIMD) array processor, and it can execute 3D parallel computing with little data transfer overhead by applying virtual processing-elements cuboid (VPEC) with synchronous shift data transfer. We demonstrate that the experimental hardware implemented on an Altera Stratix V FPGA (5SGSMD5K2F40C2N) is 3.1 times faster than parallel computing on the NVIDIA Tesla C2075, and it reaches a 94.57% operating rate of the calculation units for the computation of the 3D FDTD method. The proposed accelerator is suitable for multi-chip composition.
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机译：三维（3D）数值模拟是对物理现象进行各种分析的必不可少的技术，但通常需要进行大量计算。在本文中，我们提出了一种用于3D数值模拟的基于FPGA的加速器，并将重点放在3D有限差分时域（FDTD）方法的加速上。该加速器由一个2D单指令多数据（SIMD）阵列处理器组成，通过应用带有同步移位数据传输的虚拟处理元素长方体（VPEC），它可以以很少的数据传输开销执行3D并行计算。我们证明，在Altera Stratix V FPGA（5SGSMD5K2F40C2N）上实现的实验硬件比NVIDIA Tesla C2075上的并行计算快3.1倍，并且对于3D FDTD方法的计算，它达到了94.57％的计算单元工作率。提出的加速器适用于多芯片组成。
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