To find out the earth pressure characteristic of a shoulder balance weight retaining wall and backfills deformation, two groups of geotechnical centrifuge model tests are designed based on the highway road shoulder balance weight retaining wall under translation movement, the results show that: 1) earth pressure of upper wall is linear distribution and the down wall is two-segments linear distribution because of the unloading effect which produced by the equilibrator, the unloading effect area is about 1/3 height of the down wall. 2) the arch effect exists in the top of the upper wall backfills, and the compaction degree is high, the arcing effect is more obvious. 3) The soil surface settlement should have a certain correlation on arching effect which presents in the top of the upper wall, and the arching effect weakening or collapse will cause the soil surface settlement spurt.
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