A pitch extraction algorithm tuned for automatic speech recognition

摘要

In this paper we present an algorithm that produces pitch and probability-of-voicing estimates for use as features in automatic speech recognition systems. These features give large performance improvements on tonal languages for ASR systems, and even substantial improvements for non-tonal languages. Our method, which we are calling the Kaldi pitch tracker (because we are adding it to the Kaldi ASR toolkit), is a highly modified version of the getf0 (RAPT) algorithm. Unlike the original getf0 we do not make a hard decision whether any given frame is voiced or unvoiced; instead, we assign a pitch even to unvoiced frames while constraining the pitch trajectory to be continuous. Our algorithm also produces a quantity that can be used as a probability of voicing measure; it is based on the normalized autocorrelation measure that our pitch extractor uses. We present results on data from various languages in the BABEL project, and show a large improvement over systems without tonal features and systems where pitch and POV information was obtained from SAcC or getf0.