REDUCING IMPACT OF WIND ON TALL BUILDINGS THROUGH DESIGN AND AERODYNAMIC MODIFICATIONS (ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS TO MITIGATE WIND EFFECT ON TALL BUILDINGS)

摘要

The structure of tall buildings, in addition to gravity loads, is to resist lateral loads, resulting from wind, earthquake, etc. Wind produces three different types of effects on tall buildings: static, dynamic, and aerodynamic. Structurally, static effect is a term of analysis independent of time; but dynamic analysis is an attempt to take into account how the system responds to the change through the period of time; and when the building is very flexible, it interacts with the wind load and affects its response; that is called aerodynamic effect. The dynamic response of tall buildings to lateral load, particularly wind, is affected by several factors including structural stiffness, mass, damping and architectural shape and form. To control the dynamic impact, there are two main solutions: Architectural and Structural. Architects can mitigate wind effect on tall buildings by designing the form aerodynamically or at least by utilizing aerodynamic modifications, which are categorized in macro and micro modifications. Structural engineers can also reduce wind effect by choosing and designing efficient structural systems. This paper presents an overview of the impact of wind on tall buildings, along with some structural and architectural strategies to mitigate wind effects.