Mixed Factorial Analysis of In-Vehicle Information Systems: Age, Driving Behavior, and Task Performance

摘要

This study conducted a driving simulation experiment using an aural, visual, or multi-modality in-vehicle information system (IVIS) to investigate the performance and emergency response of 24 younger (age: M = 23.10 years, SD = 1.54) and 24 older (age: M = 69.21 years, SD = 3.05) drivers in simple and complex road conditions. All drivers assisted by aural or multi-modality IVIS made significantly fewer errors in response to hazard warnings than those who were assisted by the visual modality system. Specifically, drivers exhibited improved performance for response time and the total number of correct turns in complex driving conditions when using multi- or aural modality IVIS; this effect is particularly salient for older drivers. The IVIS improved the safety of older drivers more than that of their younger counterparts, despite their poor vehicle control and slow response time in hazard situations.