Periodic optical elements such as photonic bandgap structures have been widely explored. while these structures perform effectively in some applications, the limited degrees of freedom can dictate their size. We adopt the concept of irregular structures, which have been shown to provide better performance and functionality than periodic structures, with significantly reduced size. We demonstrate both optical mode converter and mode-selective optical cavity structures that can be fabricated using standard semiconductor processing techniques. Frequency-dependent mode conversion illustrates the prospect for wavelength division multiplexing elements and laser cavity mode control. The mode converter function can lead to optimal power splitters.
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