NASA's Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) initiative provided the opportunity for the Boeing Company to complete the preliminary design of the Commercial Crew Transportation System (CCTS). Demonstration of key system concepts, technologies, risk reductions, and procurement of long lead items were also accomplished. The next phase, called Commercial Crew Integrated Capability (CCiCap), will encompass Critical Design Review and, potentially, flight testing. The CCTS's CST-100 spacecraft is designed to affordably, reliably, and safely transfer crew from the Earth's surface to orbiting space complexes in low earth orbit, including the International Space Station and the Bigelow Space Complex. NASA's investment in CCDev/CCiCap, coupled with Boeing's own resources, has allowed significant progress to be made toward providing commercial low earth orbit crew transportation services by 2016.
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