The Value Change of Ecosystem Services of Important Protected Area for Water Supply of City——Taking the Yunlong Reservoir of Kunming City as a Example

摘要

Studying on the value change of ecosystem services of the protected area for water supply of cities was very important to wholly know the law and position of ecosystem services and it's value of the protected area for water supply, and to supply scientific basis and decision references for the sustainable use of water resources and the protection and management of the protected area for water supply. The paper structured an assessment system consisted of five indexes: food production, gas adjusting, climate adjusting, hydrology adjusting and waste treatment on the basis of the classification of ecosystem and it's services, used Gaodi Xie, etc.'s method valuing ecosystem service on the basis of experts' knowledge, and studied on the value change of ecosystem services taking the Yunlong reservoir as a example. The result showed that (l)the total value of the protected area for water supply decreased to 4.53 hundreds million from 6.19 hundreds million during the eleven years from 1995 to 2006, reduced by 1.66 hu ndreds million, was 26.8% of 1995's value; increased obviously by 1.61 hundreds million during two years from 2006 to 2008, and the total value of 2008 basically reached to the level of 1995; (2)the value change of services of all ecosystems of the protected area for water supply differed largely. The services value of water system occupying the total value increased to 2008' 16.4% from 1995' 12.9%, the value of farmland system reduced by above one half(55.56%), and the value of forest system was relatively stable. (3)any year, the contribution of the forest system to the total value of the protected area for water supply was always the highest, and the proportion was above 72%; and the contribution of the farmland ecosystem was always the lowest, and presented a clear downtrend. (4)the value of food production service was always the lowest in the contribution to the total value, only occupying about 4%, and the value of hydrology adjusting and gas adjusting service respectively was the highest in different year, about 30%. The contribution of adjusting service was largely higher than supply service, occupying above 95% of the total value in all five different years which showed that the ecosystem of the protected area for water supply mainly focused on supplying adjusting service and indirect use value.