Discussion of Efforts done in Egypt to Phase out the Foam Chemicals as Part of the ODS phase out under the Montreal Protocol with discussion to the Effects on GWP

摘要

The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol provides funds to help developing countries phase out the use of ozone depleting substances (ODSs). The Government of Egypt has ratified the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its Amendments and has committed itself to fulfilling its obligations under the Montreal Protocol by implementing the hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) Phase-out Management Program (HPMP), as designed by and financed through two Implementing Agencies (IA): the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) as the lead implementing agency and United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a cooperative agency. Companies in Egypt have accepted the stipulations of the project pertaining to their segment of the HPMP. The successful completion of this work has now been achieved through the replacement of HCFC-141b by conversion to non- ODSs in the manufacture of polyurethane foam, which contributed to Egypt's compliance with the Montreal Protocol HCFC phase-out obligations while sharply reducing the industry's contribution to global warming. The HCFC's phase-out schedule involved its approval by the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the implementation of the Montreal Protocol at the end of 2011. In 2013 this included the freezing of consumption of HCFCs at the average of 2009/2010 levels (baseline). In 2015 this involves the reduction of HCFC consumption by 10% compared to the baseline. The two main HCFCs consumed in Egypt are HCFC-22 and HCFC-141b. Measured in ozone-depleting potential (ODP) tones, HCFC-22 and HCFC-141b represented 61.7% and 33.6 %, respectively. Other HCFC's consumed in Egypt are "HCFC-123 and HCFC- 142b" represent 4.7 %. The new HCFC Alternatives in Polyurethane Foam (PU) Foam are HydroCarbon (HC), Methyle Format, Methylal, Water- Based Hydrofluoro-Olefins (HFO) & Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) HCFC-141b phase-out projects are planned to be implemented in two steps; the first step will phase-out 71 % from HCFC-141b baseline from 2011 to 2014 by convergent of 9 consumer companies (large volume), and the completion of the second step will phase-out 29 % from HCFC-141b Baseline from 2015 -2017 by convergent of around 81 consumer companies (medium &small volume). This paper focuses on activities conducted in the foam sector in Egypt.