A fully integrated 10ÃÂÃÂ10 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy array is designed for label-free biomolecular detection applications. Each biosensor pixel includes an on-chip bio-functionalized electrode and a direct-conversion receiver capable of measuring complex admittance levels as low as 10ÃÂ÷ÃÂÿÃÂÿ-1 with a dynamic range larger than 90 dB in a 10 Hz-to-50 MHz frequency range.
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