PLANT SHOOT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING AND CONTROL IN THE SVET SPACE GREENHOUSE

摘要

SVET Space Greenhouse (SG) was the first automated plant growth facility with the largest vegetation area up to now, functioning under microgravity conditions in the period 1990-2000. A total of 680 days of experiments were conducted in SVET SG onboard MIR Space Station, answering fundamental questions concerning the field of gravitational developmental and reproductive biology. SVET SG was designed and constructed to work out technical solutions and biotechnologies for plant growing in the future larger SG, as part of a Biological Life Support System for human planetary exploration (first to Mars). A new sensor system for plant shoot zone environment parameters (light intensity, air humidity, temperature, flow velocity and pressure) measurement with data acquisition system was developed for the next generation SVET-3 SG. To the system will be added gas composition and plant physiological status measurements. A new Light Unit on LEDs was developed replacing one on fluorescent lamps used in the past. The combined radiation of red, green and blue LEDs, controlled by a DMX programming device allows to simulate different spectral levels and light intensity to control the light conditions in the Plant Chamber and experimentally determine the most suitable ones for plant growth and optimal plant development.