The results suggest that, while both the expert and the in-training surgeons performed the PST consistently on each individual specimen, expert clinicians are more consistent in repeat trials of the PST on individual specimens. Specifically, our data suggest that, when compared to the expert surgeon, the in-training surgeon applies higher amounts of axial force and valgus moment, but lower amounts of supination torque during the PST. This study shows that there is some inter-clinician variance in the amount of forces and moments applied during the PST, possibly due to experience level. The results also suggest that the PST is not force-controlled, since neither clinician applied constant forces and moments across all specimens.
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