The implementation of legal standards for the proper use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes has acted as a basic barrier to prevent illicit nuclear trafficking and malevolent use of radioactive materials. The wide dissemination of nuclear techniques has been supported by the commitments assumed by Cuba with international agencies in favour of security and nuclear non-proliferation. After 11 September 2001, Cuba updated its binding and non-binding commitments adopted by the international community as a relevant multilateral platform for nuclear security. The paper shows the domestic experience on the implementation of its commitments and the strengthening of the multi-institutional approach to prevent and combat illicit nuclear trafficking and the malevolent use of radioactive materials. In addition to this, it shows the challenges and pressing strategies to face this issue.
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