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Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Poverty: Micro-Lending

机译:打破贫困的恶性循环:小额贷款

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Micro-lending has been introduced as an effective antipoverty tool in recent decades. However not all of micro-lending institutes are successful both in accomplishing their mission and in loan recovery. According to World Bank's focus note (2006), less than a quarter of its projects that funded micro-lending were judged successful. This paper describes a specific type of micro-lending (Grameen way of micro-lending invented by Mohammad Yunus, Nobel Peace Prize winner 2006). Then it summarizes the differences of conventional bank and Grameen Bank. Also this paper illustrates the important loops that make the Grameen successful both in the loan recovery and in accomplishing its mission. The final contribution of this paper is to develop a system dynamics model to test some Grameen policies that researchers believe are the key elements of Grameen's success. I find support for the fact that small loan size which is designed to match the client's knowledge maximizes Grameen's capital. Also the model finds that investing some portion of Grameen's capital, giving loan to groups of people and choosing appropriate interest rate are crucial for Grameen Bank.
机译:在最近的几十年中,小额贷款被引入作为一种有效的反贫困工具。但是,并非所有的小额贷款机构都在完成其使命和收回贷款方面都取得了成功。根据世界银行的重点报告(2006年),在其为小额贷款提供资金的项目中,只有不到四分之一被认为是成功的。本文描述了一种特定类型的小额贷款(由2006年诺贝尔和平奖获得者Mohammad Yunus发明的Grameen小额贷款方式)。然后总结了传统银行与格莱en银行的区别。本文还说明了使Grameen成功实现贷款回收和完成其任务的重要循环。本文的最后贡献是开发一个系统动力学模型来测试一些Grameen策略,研究人员认为这些策略是Grameen成功的关键要素。我发现支持这样一种事实,即根据客户的知识来设计小额贷款,可以最大程度地提高Grameen的资本。该模型还发现,投资Grameen的部分资本,向人群提供贷款并选择适当的利率对Grameen银行至关重要。

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