Modeling and impact study of fugitive dust emissions from building construction sites in Tianjin, China

摘要

The fugitive dust caused by construction activities is important source of urban paniculate pollution in China and no detailed study has been carried out before. A building construction site located in Tianjin urban area was selected and the construction process from ground excavation to general construction was studied during Sep. 2006 to Apr. 2007. The ambient PM10, surface dust, meteorological data and numbers of trucks were measured on site and the PM10 emission factors were calculated. A quantitative mathematical model of PM10 emission factor (EF) for building construction was developed on the basis of measured wind speed (u), moisture content of surface dust (M), surface silt loading (S), number of trucks (N) and a new defined parameter dust surface rate (D), with the expression of EF=0.025337·D·u1.983·M-1.993·S0.745·N0.684.The construction sites in Tianjin urban area were investigated between Nov. and Dec. 2003 in preceding study. By the combination of investigation results and emission factor model, the PM10 emission factors for construction sites with earthmoving activities or more surface dust loadings were estimated. Then the impacts of the PM10 from selected construction sites on ambient air were simulated by the Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) and the Industrial Source Complex Short-term (ISCST3) model, and the concentration distributions were obtained. The average concentration of PM10 from construction sites in urban area was 20.3μg/m3 between Nov. and Dec., 2003, accounting for 13.1% of ambient air PMIO.