1. The hadron fragmentation function can be expressed as the convolution of the recombination probability and the constituent quark distribution function. 2. The DGLAP equation of the constituent quark distribution function is derived. The relation among triquark, diquark and single quark distribution function is obtained through sum rule. 3. Both thermal-shower recombination and parton energy loss lead to medium modification of parton fragmentation functions 4. A unified framework for parton energy loss and quark recombination.
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