Many companies in Europe are using the floor/footwear system as a primary means for grounding personnel. The ECF are qualified according to the IEC 61340-4-1 based on their Rtg only. The conductive shoes are also qualified based on their Rtg only. We have found in many locations, qualified conductive epoxy floors, used in conjunction with qualified ESD shoes, giving peak voltage values up to 600 volts and very long decay times. This paper reviews the situation in detail.
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