A novel method of micro- and nanoencapsulation of various materials has been developed. The fabrication of ultrathin polyelectrolyte multilayer shells was achieved by the consecutive deposition of oppositely charged macromolecules onto solid substrates. This technique was originally introduced for macroscopic flat substrates by Decher. The driving force of the multilayer assembling is the electrostatic attraction at each step of macroion adsportion. At present, a variety of materials (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and inorganic nanoparticles) have been successfully incorporated into polyelectrolyte multilayers to fabricate films with defined thickness, composition and properties.
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