The choice of refractory powders or grains, binders and additives affect the properties of investment castingshells. Different systems of shells were made, according to a design of experiments, using commerciallyavailable raw materials that differ in chemistry, particle size or particle size distribution. The strength of theshells was measured in green, fired and cooled, and hot conditions and the results are analyzed for strength –material property relation.In addition to the material property, shell building parameters also affect the strength of the shell bychanging the relative amounts of stucco, slurry and porosity over the cross section. Various microstructuresof polished cross sections of shells have been characterized for microstructure – strength relation.
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