CHARACTERIZATION OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS FROM FLAMING MATERIALS

摘要

Material-level fire tests were conducted to characterize the combustibility and resulting combustionproducts on 43 natural, synthetic, and multi-compound materials common to residential buildingconstruction, residential room contents, and automobiles under consistent radiant heating conditions.Combustion under well-ventilated, early stage flaming fire conditions was investigated using theapproach pioneered in the UL-FPRF Smoke Characterization Project : cone calorimeter coupled to awide-range particle analyzer and a gas FTIR. Analysis of the generated smoke particles over a 10 to10,000 nm size range suggests a semi-log relationship between the average particle size, the numberof particles, and the consumed sample mass. This relationship was found to differ for natural andsynthetic materials. Not unexpectedly, the type and concentrations of effluent gases was found to varywith material chemistry. While water vapor, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were thepredominant gases produced, other gases known, or suspected, to be respiratory asphyxiants, irritants,and carcinogens were also found. In some cases these gases were found at yields greater than 1%.