Design of efficient Gauss to top-hat converters using geometrical phase elements inscribed in the glass by femtosecond laser pulses

摘要

Beam profile engineering, where a desired optical intensity distribution is generated by phase shifting and/or amplitude changing elements, is a promising approach in various laser-related applications. For example, vector geometrical phase elements enable various flat special optical elements such as top-hat converters. We present a study on engineering efficient top-hat converters inscribed in the glass by femtosecond laser pulses. We start with an amplitude encoded top-hat converter and demonstrate how its efficiency can be further increased by introduction of phase masks and by the polarization of the incident beam. Experimental verification of the concept is also presented.