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Application of principles, processes and technologies to design and develop the SkyFlight Risk Assessment

机译:应用原理,流程和技术来设计和开发SkyFlight风险评估

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The success of the flight mission is closely related to a wide set of factors that must be taken into consideration. Combining all these elements together, the risk associated to the flight can raise significantly, eventually resulting in a situation in which the flight should be cancelled, unless some mitigation of the risk factors are applied. The aim is the understanding of the expectable human abilities and limitations, in correlation with the aircraft status and all the external elements related to the flight. Following the guidance contained in Ref. 1, this knowledge has being applied in the definition of a standardize approach for the design of the risk assessment procedures and software requirements. For the safety of the flight, it is essential that the pilot is able to discern in advance between a low and a high risk flight. With a Flight Risk Analysis Tool (FRAT) the pilot can proactively identify the hazard with a visual representation of the risk, applying an evaluation process and risk mitigation strategies, as described in Ref. 2. Moreover to better support this analysis the tool shall be enough complex to consider all aspects, but at the same time, easy to use and simply accessible (i.e. usable by an application installed on the portable device). SkyFlight has been developed to support the flight planning activities for the rotorcraft mission, being the optimal off-aircraft mean to carry out the evaluation of the flight, ensuring a thorough Safety Assessment. Pilots have SkyFlight application installed on their portable devices to access the service. As presented in Ref.3, SkyFlight gives to the Pilot a deep understanding of the current situation and the involved dynamics, to anticipate changes and future developments, and to clearly understand the consequences related to the flight. The features are designed to positively increase the Pilot Situational Awareness and reduce mission risks. The Safety is spread within all functionalities, starting from simple and common concepts, to a finer level with a deep performance calculations and what-if analysis. To further increase the safety, the latest developed functionality is the Flight Risk Assessment, which has been developed following the EASA and FAA standards, discussed in Ref. 4 and 5, and embedding the EHEST pre-departure Risk Assessment Checklist, provided in Ref. 5. The predefined set of checklist is available to support different types of flight (Training, HEMS, passenger, etc.) and each list is based on the PAVE (Pilot, Aircraft, Environment, External pressure) areas. In addition to the pre-departure Checklists, also In-flight and Post-flight Checklists have been shaped, following the approach discussed in Ref. 6. Through SkyFlight the pilot is able to fill the Risk Assessment Checklist, inserting mitigations where applicable and view the total score. The filled checklist can be saved and shared. It is also possible to export them in a pdf format and to send automatically via email to one or more email addresses. In addition to this, which reflects the state of the art for FRAT, some other peculiar features have been designed. Indeed, to better support the different rotorcraft missions and to meet the process of each operator, the Risk Assessment Checklists will be completely customized by the company safety manager. The functionalities have then being further enhanced with software developments to add value to the tool with both small and big features. For example, the order of the multiple choice answers changes every time the pilot access to the checklist, to guide her/him to read carefully the answers before the selection. More complex functionalities have been inserted to connect the flight planned with SkyFlight to the hazard evaluation, showing the weather data and all the notifications associated to the flight (NOTAMs, Warning/restrictive Airspaces infringements ...). AW SkyFlight application can be installed on personal portable devices and the Flight Risk Assessment functionality can be used for free, to let every pilot from the general aviation to access to the safety enhancements above described. The FRAT capabilities, usability and utility have been then tested with the Leonardo Helicopters Division pilots as well as a set of specific customers pilots as representatives of the different types of operations (in the Executive and Private transport, Medical and Rescue services, Offshore operations, Security services and Utility).
机译:飞行任务的成功与必须考虑的一系列因素密切相关。将所有这些因素结合在一起,与航班相关的风险可能会显着增加,最终导致应取消航班的情况,除非采取了一些减轻风险因素的措施。目的是了解预期的人类能力和局限性,并将其与飞机状态以及与飞行有关的所有外部要素相关联。遵循参考文献中包含的指导。在图1中,该知识已被用于风险评估程序和软件需求的设计的标准化方法的定义中。为了飞行的安全,飞行员必须能够提前识别出低风险和高风险飞行,这一点至关重要。借助飞行风险分析工具(FRAT),飞行员可以使用风险的直观表示来主动识别危害,应用评估流程和风险缓解策略,如参考资料2中所述。 2.此外,为了更好地支持此分析,该工具应足够复杂以考虑所有方面,但同时应易于使用且易于访问(即可由安装在便携式设备上的应用程序使用)。 SkyFlight的开发旨在支持旋翼飞机任务的飞行计划活动,是进行飞行评估的最佳机外手段,可确保进行全面的安全评估。飞行员在其便携式设备上安装了SkyFlight应用程序以访问该服务。如参考文献3所示,SkyFlight使飞行员对当前情况和所涉及的动力有了深刻的了解,可以预测变化和未来的发展,并清楚地了解与飞行有关的后果。这些功能旨在积极提高飞行员的态势感知并降低任务风险。从简单和通用的概念开始,安全性已遍及所有功能,并通过深入的性能计算和假设分析来达到更高的水平。为了进一步提高安全性,最新开发的功能是“飞行风险评估”,该评估是根据EASA和FAA标准开发的,请参见参考资料3。 4和5,并嵌入参考资料中提供的EHEST出发前风险评估清单。 5.可以使用预定义的检查清单集来支持不同类型的飞行(培训,HEMS,乘客等),并且每个清单都基于PAVE(飞行员,飞机,环境,外部压力)区域。除了出发前检查清单外,还按照参考文献3中讨论的方法制定了飞行中检查清单和飞行后检查清单。 6.通过SkyFlight,飞行员可以填写“风险评估清单”,在适当的地方插入缓解措施并查看总得分。填写的清单可以保存和共享。也可以将它们以pdf格式导出,并通过电子邮件自动发送到一个或多个电子邮件地址。除此之外,这反映了FRAT的技术水平,还设计了一些其他特殊功能。实际上,为了更好地支持不同的旋翼飞机任务并满足每个操作员的要求,公司安全经理将完全定制风险评估清单。然后,通过软件开发进一步增强了功能,从而为具有小和大功能的工具增加了价值。例如,每次飞行员访问清单时,多项选择答案的顺序都会改变,以指导她/他在选择之前仔细阅读答案。已插入更复杂的功能,以将通过SkyFlight进行的计划航班与危害评估联系起来,显示天气数据和与该航班相关的所有通知(NOTAM,警告/限制空域侵权...)。可以将AW SkyFlight应用程序安装在个人便携式设备上,并且可以免费使用飞行风险评估功能,以使通用航空的每个飞行员都可以使用上述安全增强功能。然后,以Leonardo直升机部门的飞行员以及一组特定客户的飞行员为代表的不同类型的操作(在执行和私人运输,医疗和救援服务,近海操作,安全服务和实用程序)。

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