Energy Management of a PV Energy System and a Plugged-in Electric Vehicle Based Micro-Grid Designed for Residential Applications

摘要

In this study, a small-scale AC micro-grid with a photovoltaic (PV) based energy source, a plug-in electric vehicle, and load shifting control is designed for residential applications. Five different operational scenarios have been developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink in order to show the effect of energy management on system efficiency. Moreover, monthly electricity bills, profit obtained from savings, cost of investment, and payback periods are calculated for each scenario. The results are compared to that of the standard scenario where the electricity demand of the house is supplied only by the conventional grid with no energy management. Consequently, it has been demonstrated that the electricity consumption from the grid decreases significantly and major savings in electricity bill, ranging from 32.11% to 71.23%, is achieved. In addition, the payback period can be reduced to the durations that change between 6.24 and 13.85 years. The results prove that PV based micro-grid concepts with plug-in electric vehicles require a proper energy management in order to maximize the benefits and minimize the run time of the investment.