Commercial Transport Aircraft Pitot-Static System Installation Calibration

摘要

The measurement of the static pressure is required on board of aircraft for the evaluation of altitude, vertical speed, speed, and Mach number. On the series aircraft, the static pressure is measured through a flush-mounted port in the aircraft fuselage. Several methods are available for the flight test calibration of the pressure measured through such a static port. These methods are described and evaluated for an application in civil flight test programs of transport category aircraft. Different evaluation criteria are considered. The achievable accuracy of the calibration methods is one evaluation criterion of high importance. The applicable standards: ICAO, FAA 14 Code of Federal Regulations CFR, and EASA Certification Specifications CS are discussed. Based on these standards the acceptable error of the calibration methods is determined. For flight test calibration methods performed directly on the aircraft, the achievable accuracy depends on the position where measurements are taken. Possible measurement positions are in front of the aircraft nose, on the wing tip, or at the fin. The flow at each of these positions shows a different rate of disturbance by the aircraft itself.