An Analytic and graphic model of a unilateral external fixator and bone system is presented to simulate and visualize the pre-operative planning of three-dimensional adjustments of the fixator joints in osteotomy. An analytic model was developed as a rigid body linkage system, and kinematic chain loop equations were utilized in the adjustment analysis to obtain the necessary rotations and translations at each joint of the fixator to correct bone deformity at the fracture site. Corrections of various deformities, combining various rotations and translations, were simulated to validate the models developed. The presented models achieve the goal of using computer-aided pre-operative planning and intra-operative execution of an osteotomy to correct malalignment and joint dysfunction.
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