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Parameterized and Exact Algorithms for Class Domination Coloring

机译:类控制着色的参数化和精确算法

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A class domination coloring (also called as cd-coloring) of a graph is a proper coloring such that for every color class, there is a vertex that dominates it. The minimum number of colors required for a cd-coloring of the graph G, denoted by X_(cd)(G), is called the class domination chromatic number (cd-chromatic number) of G. In this work, we consider two problems associated with the cd-coloring of a graph in the context of exact exponential-time algorithms and parameterized complexity. (1) Given a graph G on n vertices, find its cd-chromatic number. (2) Given a graph G and integers k and q, can we delete at most k vertices such that the cd-chromatic number of the resulting graph is at most ql For the first problem, we give an exact algorithm with running time O(2~n~4 log n). Also, we show that the problem is FPT with respect to the number of colors q as the parameter on chordal graphs. On graphs of girth at least 5, we show that the problem also admits a kernel with O(q~3) vertices. For the second (deletion) problem, we show NP-hardness for each q ≥ 2. Further, on split graphs, we show that the problem is NP-hard if q is a part of the input and FPT with respect to k and q. As recognizing graphs with cd-chromatic number at most q is NP-hard in general for q ≥ 4, the deletion problem is unlikely to be FPT when parameterized by the size of deletion set on general graphs. We show fixed parameter tractability for q ∈ {2,3} using the known algorithms for finding a vertex cover and an odd cycle transversal as subroutines.
机译:图形的类别主导着色(也称为cd着色)是一种适当的着色,因此对于每种颜色类别,都有一个顶点对其进行控制。图G的cd着色所需的最小颜色数(用X_(cd)(G)表示)称为G的类支配色数(cd色数)。在这项工作中,我们考虑了两个问题在精确的指数时间算法和参数化复杂度的背景下,与图的cd着色相关联。 (1)给定在n个顶点上的图G,找到其cd色数。 (2)给定一个图G和整数k和q,我们最多可以删除k个顶点,使得结果图的cd色数最多为ql对于第一个问题,我们给出运行时间为O( 2〜n〜4 log n)。同样,我们表明问题是关于和弦图上的参数q的数量q的FPT。在周长至少为5的图形上,我们证明了该问题还允许一个具有O(q〜3)顶点的核。对于第二个(删除)问题,我们将显示每个q≥2的NP硬度。此外,在拆分图中,如果q是输入的一部分,并且FPT相对于k和q,则表明问题是NP-hard的。 。由于对于q≥4而言,最多识别具有cd色数的图通常是NP-hard的,因此当通过在一般图上设置的删除大小进行参数化时,删除问题不太可能是FPT。我们使用已知的算法来求出q∈{2,3}的固定参数易处理性,以找到顶点覆盖和奇数周期横向作为子例程。

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