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A Symbolic Approach to Safety ltl Synthesis

机译:安全ltl综合的象征方法

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Temporal synthesis is the automated design of a system that interacts with an environment, using the declarative specification of the system's behavior. A popular language for providing such a specification is Linear Temporal Logic, or ltl. ltl synthesis in the general case has remained, however, a hard problem to solve in practice. Because of this, many works have focused on developing synthesis procedures for specific fragments of ltl, with an easier synthesis problem. In this work, we focus on Safety ltl, defined here to be the Until-free fragment of ltl in Negation Normal Form (nnf), and shown to express a fragment of safe ltl formulas. The intrinsic motivation for this fragment is the observation that in many cases it is not enough to say that something "good" will eventually happen, we need to say by when it will happen. We show here that Safety ltl synthesis is significantly simpler algorithmically than ltl synthesis. We exploit this simplicity in two ways, first by describing an explicit approach based on a reduction to Horn-SAT, which can be solved in linear time in the size of the game graph, and then through an efficient symbolic construction, allowing a BDD-based symbolic approach which significantly outperforms extant ltl-synthesis tools.
机译:时间综合是使用系统行为的声明性规范,与环境交互的系统的自动化设计。提供此类规范的流行语言是线性时序逻辑或ltl。在一般情况下,ltl综合仍然存在,但是,在实践中仍然是一个难以解决的问题。因此,许多工作着重于为ltl的特定片段开发合成程序,但存在一个较容易的合成问题。在这项工作中,我们重点关注安全性ltl,在此定义为“否定范式(nnf)”的ltl的“直到”无片段,并显示为表示安全性ltl公式的一个片段。该片段的内在动机是观察到,在许多情况下,仅仅说某事“好”最终会发生是不够的,我们需要说它何时会发生。我们在这里表明,安全性ltl合成比ltl合成在算法上要简单得多。我们通过两种方式来利用这种简单性,首先是描述一种基于Horn-SAT缩减的显式方法,该方法可以在线性时间内解决游戏图的大小,然后通过有效的符号构造来实现BDD-基于符号的方法,其性能明显优于现有的ltl综合工具。

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