Infrastructure as Code, which uses machine-processable code for managing, provisioning, and configuring computing infrastructure, has been attracting wide attention. In its application, the idempotence of the code is essential: the system should converge to the desired state even if the code is repeatedly executed possibly with failures or interruptions. Previous studies have used testing or static verification techniques to check whether the code is idempotent or not. The testing approach is impractically time-consuming, whereas the static verification approach is not applicable in many practical cases in which external scripts are used. In this paper, we present a method for efficiently checking idempotence by combining the testing and static verification approaches. The method dramatically decreases the number of test cases used to check code including external scripts by applying the static verification approach.
展开▼
