Features contributing sense of scale in photographs

摘要

Miniature-like photographs of real scenery can be obtained by focusing only on a very small area on the film in an analog camera, as well as by post-processing by computers. Such a sense of miniature on human vision has not been well examined so far. This paper investigates image features contributing sense of scale in photographs. Three key features; blur, saturation and intensity of images are examined with their effects on the enhancement of miniature effects in user experiments. The degrees of these three features are varied for generating sample images presented in the experiments. The participants evaluated the degree of miniature effect of presented images on a 0-10 scale. The results have shown that these three factors account for 79% of the subject evaluations and their coefficients 2.02, 1.72, and 0.37 were obtained by a multiple regression analysis. These facts suggest that the saturation of images, as well as blur, highly affects the sense of scale in human vision. A series of experiments on a variety of features with a number of images should be conducted in future work.