Effect of nonlinearity on surface plasmon polaritons in graphene in the Terahertz region

摘要

The effect of a strong electric field (≥ 4kV/cm) on the properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP's) is investigated. It is found that when a strong enough field is applied, the TM SPP dispersion can move up into the light cone. It is further found that when considering the problem of exciting SPP's using a prisim (ie. excitation from evanescent waves), optical bistability is possible as a sufficiently high field.