A 0.21-V minimum input, 73.6 maximum efficiency, fully integrated 3-terminal voltage converter with MPPT for low-voltage energy harvesters

摘要

We propose a fully integrated 3-terminal voltage converter with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit for ultra-low voltage energy harvesting. The MPPT circuit dissipates nano-watt power to extract maximum output power. The measurement results demonstrated that the circuit converted a 0.49-V input to a 1.46-V output with 73.6% power conversion efficiency when the output power was 348 μW. The circuit can operate at an extremely low input voltage of 0.21 V.