Probabilistic Assessment of Cutaneous Exposure to Baby Wipes in French Children Between 0 and 3 Years Old

摘要

Wipes are leave-on cosmetics used for cleaning baby. Baby wipes are composed of up to 90 % water. Wipes may also contain preservatives such as parabens or phenoxyethanol. Actually, few data are available concerning consumption of baby wipes. Consequently, exposure assessment can't be performed and the safety of children can't be guaranteed. The aim of this study was to assess the cutaneous exposure to wipes in children aged 0-3 years. A national questionnaire survey realized on 395 babies enabled to collect information on usage patterns of baby wipes by body parts including the percentage of users, the frequency of use and the number of wipes per application. Experiences were performed in order to define the amount of product per wipe; and after use by an adult, the fraction which could be applied on child. Each parameter was then described by a distribution. Probabilistic exposure assessment was performed using Monte Carlo random simulations with @Risk 6 software. 77 % of parent use wipes for cleaning their baby. Among users, 84 %, 54 %, 33 % and 29 % respectively use wipes for bottom, face, hand and body. The median frequency of use was respectively equal to 4 day-1,1 day-1,1 day-1 and 1 day-1 for bottom, face, hand and body; and the number of wipes per application was respectively equal to 2, 2,1 and 3. Amount of cosmetic product per wipe was equal to 2.9 g (P50) and 4.3 g (P95). After use of wipe, 18 % (P50) and 25 % (P95) of product could be applied on children. Baby cutaneous exposure to wipes was equal to 341 mg/kg bw/day (P50) and 1635 mg/kg bw/day (P95). Baby cutaneous exposure to preservatives was respectively equal to 3.6 mg/kg bw/day (P50) and 17 mg/kg bw/day (P95).