ON THE PREVALENCE OF THE NERVOUS, CARDIOVASCULAR AND HEARING DISEASES IN POPULATION LIVING NEAR THE LARGE AIRPORT

摘要

Background/aims: There are numerous data on the effect of noise on the state of human health. Quantitativeparametersoftheconnectionisnotenough. Aim was to assess the impact of noise levels on the nervous, cardiovascular systems and hearing. Methods: we conducted a cross sectional study during 2009-2012, measured the levels of noise in two residential areas, located near a major Russian airport (1 and 3-5 km from airport; 26,0 and 84,0 thousand inhabitants) and in ?calm? zone (more then 7 km from airport, 78 thousand inhabitants). We analyzed data from seeking medical care given places of living. The calculation of relative risk of health problems have been done. Using audiometry metod evaluated the level of hearing loss in children from different zones. Results: The average equivalent noise level, recorded in investigated zones at 63,6 ± 6,02 to 66,57 ± 7,25 dB. Maximum sound levels - at 73.5 to 90.0 dB. On ?calm? zone equivalent noise level was 59.2 dB, 72.7 dB maximum. The relative risk for residents of zones 1 and 2 in a disease of the nervous system (nervousness, irritability, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment et.) was 1.92 (CI 1.32-2.65, EF 41.2%), the circulatory system (blood pressure nonspecific, hypertensive disease et.) -1.1 (CI 1.06-1.44, EF 26.2%). In 2009 - 2011 the cases of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss were recorded only in adult population 18-50 years living near airport (0.19‰). RR in population older than 50 years at zone 1 recorded 2.78 (CI 1.94-3.27, EF 62,3%); at zone 2 - 1.11(CI 1.05-1,68, EF 22,9%). In investigated group hearing level was lower from 1.0 to 7.0 dB that in control group mainly at frequencies 125-1500 Hz. The most significant reduction hearing was registered in children from areas of greatest acoustic discomfort. Conclusion. In the territories, the approach to the airport some health problems are associated with the level of noise. Health disorders begin in childhood and are exacerbated with age.