Description of Industries sources to enviromental exposure to benceno in chidren from Ecatepec, county in Mexico

摘要

Background Ecatepec County in Mexico City Metropolitan Area is highly industrialized and considered as one of the most polluted area; however there are no reports about other air pollutants. Objects To describe the sources of environmental exposure to benzene by industrial emissions for children 7-10 years of age from three primary schools from Ecatepec County. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 170 school children (7-10 years old) enrolled at three different schools from Ecatepec County; urinary concentrations t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA) as indicators of benzene exposure was determined by HPLC. We take data of inventory of industries from local government were characterized potential point sources for benzene in Ecatepec. Themselves, the homes children's and industries were located as through a Geographic Information System (GIS). For each child, we calculated the number of industries and distance to nearest industry and assessed the relationship between estimated emissions of VOCs with the metabolite levels. Results: The average of AM levels was 233.3 mg / g creatinine (SO = 245.13), being higher in the students of the school in San Cristobal (Mean = 318.89, SD = 257.5). At a distance of 500 meters, each school had an average 65 industries with 36.78 tons of VOCs (SD = 204.14) by year in average. Each industry was assigned to 13 children on average (SD = 7.9). The predominant industry in the area was the metal followed by chemistry and food, but the industry emitting more VOCs was for cement for construction followed by chemical and fertilizer. A nonlinear relationship was observed between total VOCs emissions and AM levels in children especially in children whose industries were less than 500 meters. Conclusion: Exposure to benzene in these children can be broad impact in terms of health; exposure characterization in this area shows a population at risk that could be exceeding the permissible limits. It is important to consider strategies to mitigate the damage.