Zwitterionic explosives based on 4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide

摘要

The energetic properties of the zwitterionic 4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-iwn-1-oxide and its nitramine 1-(4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide-3-yl)-2-nitrazapropane were investigated. 7-Amino-4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide and 5,7-di-amino-4,6-dinitro-benzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide were obtained by direct amination using vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) methodology. The observed amination pattern was analyzed by quantum-chemical calculations of the distributions of the electron spin densities in the corresponding radical onions. The zwitterionic structures of 4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide, its nitramine and 7-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All presented compounds were characterized by multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (~1H, ~(13)C{~1H}, ~(14)N{~1H}), vibrational analysis (IR and Raman), mass spectrom-etry and elemental analysis. Their thermal stabilities were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry and detonation parameters were calculated using the EXPLO5 computer code based on CBS-4M computed enthalpies of formation. The influence of the N-oxide moiety on the energetic properties, especially the sensitivities, is evaluated by comparison with the corresponding derivatives of 5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole.