Uncertain Information Representation for Decision-Making: Emerging Approaches

摘要

Information used in decision making generally comes from multiple sources and is expressed in various modalities. In many cases the information available has some significant associated uncertainty. In order to address this problem there is a need to provide various methods for the representation of different types of uncertain information. Here we shall discuss some recently emerging approaches for attaining this representational capability. One approach we shall discuss is the use of Z-valuations which are based on the use of Z-numbers. These objects allow us to represent information that combines both possibilistic and probabilistic uncertainty. We shall also look at a new approach for modeling fuzzy sets with imprecise membership grades called Pythagorean fuzzy sets. One important issue that arises when using these non-standard representations in decision-making is the comparison of alternative satisfactions, that is we must compare mathematical objects that are not naturally ordered. We consider this important problem.