Mitigation of Urban Heat Development by Cool Island Effect of Green Space and Water Body

摘要

In order to understand how green space and water body could mitigate urban heat island, a study was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the influence of park/garden and lake characteristics on surrounding air temperatures. Five thousand one hundred and eighty-five air temperature data of the surrounding areas of 6 parks and 3 lakes in Chongqing were collected during the daytime. The data were analyzed using regression analysis of the park and lake characteristics such as area, landscape shape index (LSI), green ratio, altitude, distance to lake body, and canopy comprehensive temperature (CCT). The findings were as follows: (1) the cool island effect of parks with a maximum of 3.6 °C was greater than that of lake with maximum of 2.9 °C, (2) key factors influencing thermal environment of park and lake were respectively due to the park area and CCT, (3) the less LSI or the rounder the shape of the parks and lakes were, the better the improvement effects of parks and lakes on the thermal environment of the surrounding environment, and (4) the statistic model of parks and lakes could effectively predict the cool island intensity (CII) of parks and surrounding air temperature of lakes (SAT) in Chongqing, the R~2 was 0.787 and 0.721, respectively.