An optimization algorithm (LEA algorithm) of wireless sensor networks based on network fractal dimension calculation is proposed and intended to tackle energy limitation of nodes and their imbalanced energy consumption. Compared with LEA algorithm about the energy consumption, which is based on both long range dependence model (PFM model) and short range related model (TIAF model), where PFM and TIAF model are related to network structure dimension and network data flow dimension respectively, the Optimization algorithm not only calculates each cluster or sub-networks dimension in one round in order to decide which dimension is higher than the threshold and then makes changes, but also calculates data flow dimension in order to select a better route for data transmission. The methods of dimension calculation for network structure and data flow are simply fractal and multifractal. Simulation results show that the proposed method can more effectively lengthen the network lifetime and nodes working hours than the traditional methods.
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