Building City Resilience Through Collaborative Networks: A Literature Review

摘要

Cities are interconnected and interdependent systems rather than isolated entities that face risks. Building resilient cities requires not only the government will, but also the involvement of different city stakeholders such as citizens, emergency services, academic, educational and scientific entities, and public and private organizations. Collaborative networks are relationships and partnerships between different stakeholders which provide opportunities to share information, knowledge, and to negotiate shared goals and issues. The involvement of the city stakeholders in collaborative networks during the emergency management phases (mitigation and preparation, response, and recovery) can contribute to improving city resilience. We carried out a literature review for obtaining an overview of the academic research that analyzes the contribution of collaborative networks and information systems to improving city resilience. Based on the literature review, this study suggests five resilience principles (collaboration and networking, learning, training and preparedness, awareness and commitment) that can improve through collaborative networks. Furthermore, specific examples of disasters and emergencies in which these principles have been implemented towards building resilience are illustrated.