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Aerodynamic Analysis of Variable Geometry Raked Wingtips for Mid-Range Transonic Transport Aircraft

机译:中程跨音速运输机可变几何倾斜翼尖的空气动力学分析

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Previous applications have shown that a wingtip treatment on a commercial airliner will reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency, and the most common types of treatment are blended winglets and raked wingtips. With Boeing currently investigating novel designs for its next generation of airliners, a variable geometry raked wingtip novel control effector (VGRWT/NCE) was studied to determine the aerodynamic performance compared to an untreated wingtip. The Boeing SUGAR design employing a truss-braced wing was selected as the baseline. Vortex lattice method (VLM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was implemented to analyze the aerodynamic performance of such a configuration applied to a next-generation, transonic, mid-range transport aircraft. Several models were created to simulate various sweep positions for the VGRWT/NCE tip, as well as a baseline model with an untreated wingtip. The majority of the investigation was conducted using the VLM software, with CFD used largely as a validation of the VLM analysis. The VGRWT/NCE tip was shown to increase the lift of the wing while also decreasing the drag. The unswept VGRWT/NCE tip increases the amount of lift available over the untreated wingtip, which will be beneficial for take-off and landing. Similarly, the swept VGRWT/NCE tip reduced the drag of the wing during cruise compared to the unmodified tip, which will impact the fuel efficiency of the aircraft. Also, the swept VGRWT/NCE tip showed an increase in moment about a reference axis at 40% of the main wing chord compared to the unmodified wingtip, implying an increase in stability, as well as providing an avenue for roll control and gust alleviation. CFD analysis validated VLM as a useful low fidelity tool that yielded quite accurate results. The main results of this study are tabulated "deltas" in the forces and moments on the VGRWT/NCE tip as a function of sweep angle and tip aileron deflection compared to the baseline wing. A side study of the effects of the joint between the main wing and the movable tip showed that the drag impact can be kept small by careful design of the joint with seals.
机译:先前的应用表明,在商用客机上进行翼尖处理将减少阻力并提高燃油效率,最常见的处理类型是混合翼梢小翼和倾斜翼梢小翼。波音公司目前正在研究其下一代客机的新颖设计,与未处理的翼尖相比,可变几何倾斜的翼尖新型控制效应器(VGRWT / NCE)得以研究以确定空气动力性能。选择采用桁架支撑机翼的波音SUGAR设计作为基准。实施了涡流格子法(VLM)和计算流体动力学(CFD)软件,以分析应用于下一代跨音速中程运输机的这种配置的空气动力学性能。创建了多个模型来模拟VGRWT / NCE尖端的各种扫掠位置,以及带有未处理翼尖的基线模型。大多数调查是使用VLM软件进行的,而CFD主要用作VLM分析的验证。显示了VGRWT / NCE尖端可增加机翼升力,同时还可减小阻力。未扫掠的VGRWT / NCE尖端增加了未经处理的翼尖上的可用升力量,这对于起飞和降落将是有益的。类似地,与未修改的尖端相比,后掠的VGRWT / NCE尖端减少了巡航期间机翼的阻力,这将影响飞机的燃油效率。同样,与未修改的翼尖相比,扫掠的VGRWT / NCE尖端在主翼弦的40%处绕参考轴的力矩增加,这意味着稳定性增加,并为控制侧倾和减轻阵风提供了途径。 CFD分析证明VLM是有用的低保真度工具,可产生非常准确的结果。这项研究的主要结果以表格形式列出了VGRWT / NCE尖端上的力和力矩的“增量”,是相对于基线机翼的后掠角和尖端副翼挠度的函数。对主翼和可动叶尖之间的接头的影响进行的一项侧面研究表明,通过精心设计带密封的接头,可以将阻力减小到很小。

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