Heuristic Methods of Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Quantitative Analysis

摘要

Calibration-free Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) has caused a heated discussion since it was proposed in 1999, and separate works were presented for better quantitative analysis performance. In this article, we introduce a particle swarm optimization algorithm to search for the actual element number densities in CF-LIBS. The main thought is that the actual element number densities and the experimental spectra can deduce to the same plasma properties such as electron number density n_e and number density ratios of different elements. Thus, we need to find the proper actual element number densities based on the experimental spectra. In addition, we present a simplified method to reduce the computation complexity. In the experiment, we focus on the determination of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Al in the copper matter sample.