Low sensitivity secondary explosives based on 5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole and 4,6-diamino-5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole

摘要

Nitrogen-rich salts of 5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole such as guanidinium (3), 1-amino-guanidinium (4), 1,3,5-triaminoguanidiniwn (5), ammonium (6) and hydroxylammonium (7) salt were prepared by deprotonation or metathesis reaction from the potassium salt (2). Additionally, 5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole was aminated with trimethylhydrazinium iodide in an aprotic medium to afford 4,6-diamino-5,7-dinitrobenzotriazole (8), which could be further deprotonated to the potassium salt (9). 5,7-Dinitrobenzotriazole (1) and its potassium and guanidinium salts were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All presented energetic compounds were characterized by multinuclear magnetic resonance study (~1H, ~(13)C and ~(14)N), vibrational analysis (IR and Raman), mass spectra and elemental analysis. Thermal stabilities were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Detonation parameters were calculated by using the EXPLO5 computer code based on CBS-4M computed enthalpies of formation by Gaussian 09. The presented compounds show detonation performances comparable to TNT. Low sensitivities and high thermal stabilities make the presented compounds interesting for further investigations and possible applications as insensitive HEDM.