We present a new method for view-dependent out-of-core rendering of large-scale virtual environments at interactive rates. We represent the model using a scene graph hierarchy and construct continuous hierarchical levels of detail (CHLOD) for each hierarchical node. The CHLOD of a node is computed by a view-dependent simplification method which can support topological structure modification. At runtime, the hierarchy is used for coarse global refinement, and the CHLODs are used for fine local refinement. We have implemented our method on a common PC with standard graphics hardware. Experimental results show that the system can perform interactive rendering of large-scale virtual environments with fine image quality and minimal popping artifacts.
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